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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDosimetryinRadiationResearchonFoodandAgriculturalProducts
【原文标准名称】:食品和农产品辐射研究中剂量测定的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM51900-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:absorbeddose;absorbed-dosemapping;absorbed-dosemeasurement;dosimetrysystem;electronbeam;experimentaldesign;foodandagriculture;gammaradiation;ionizingradiation;measurementuncertainty;primary-standarddosimeter;radiation-sensitiveindi
【摘要】:4.1Thisguideisintendedtoprovidedirectionondosimetryforexperimentsinfoodandagriculturalresearch,andonthereportingofdosimetryresults.Researchconcerningtheeffectivenessofirradiationoffoodandagriculturalproductstoachieveadefinedbenefitinvolvesverydifferentabsorbed-dosespecificationsfromonestudyandoneproducttoanother.Forexample,theabsorbeddoserequiredtosterilizefruitfliesismuchlowerthanthedosesrequiredtoinactivatesomebacterialpathogensinmeat,ortodecontaminatespices.NOTE4-Examplesoftherelevanteffectsofirradiationincludereductionofviablefood-bornebacteria,virusesandparasitesandphytosanitarytreatment(suchasdisinfestationoffruitsandvegetables),preventionofsprouting,delayofripening,andchangesinproductchemistryandquality.Furtherdiscussionoftheseeffectsisoutsidethescopeofthisguide.RefertoASTMGuidesF1355,F1356,F1736andF1885.4.2Properreportingoftheirradiationaspectisimportantsincethedegreeofbiologicaleffectmaybeafunctionofvariousfactorssuchastheradiationsource,theabsorbed-doserate,energyoftheincidentradiation,environmentaleffectsduringirradiation,andthetypeofincidentradiation.Thisguideattemptstohighlighttheinformation,includingthemethodologyandresultsoftheabsorbed-dosemeasurements,necessaryforanexperimenttoberepeatablebyotherresearchers.NOTE5-Factorsthatmayinfluencetheresponseofagriculturalproductstoionizingradiationincludegenus,species,variety,vigor,lifestage,initialquality,stateofripeness,temperature,moisturecontent,pH,packaging,shipping,andstorageconditions.Althoughthesefactorsarenotdiscussedinthisguide,theyshouldbeconsideredwhenplanningexperiments(seeASTMGuidesF1355,F1356,F1640,F1736andF1885.4.3Ideally,anexperimentshouldbedesignedtoirradiatethesampleasuniformlyaspossible.Inpractice,acertainvariationinabsorbeddosewillexistthroughoutthesample.Absorbed-dosemappingisusedtodeterminethemagnitude,location,andreproducibilityofthemaximum(Dmax)andminimumabsorbeddose(Dmin)foragivensetofexperimentalparameters.Dosimetersusedfordosemappingmustbecapableofrespondingtodosesanddosegradientslikelytooccurwithinirradiatedsamples.4.4Theoreticalcalculationsmayprovideusefulinformationaboutabsorbed-dosedistributionintheirradiatedsample,especiallynearmaterialinterfaces(seeASTMGuideE2232).1.1Thisguidecoverstheminimumrequirementsfordosimetryandabsorbed-dosevalidationneededtoconductresearchontheirradiationoffoodandagriculturalproducts.Suchresearchincludesestablishmentofthequantitativerelationshipbetweentheabsorbeddoseandtherelevanteffectsintheseproducts.Thisguidealsodescribestheoverallneedfordosimetryinsuchresearch,andinreportingoftheresults.1.2Thisguideisintendedforusebyresearchscientistsinthefoodandagriculturalcommunities,andnotjustscientistsconductingirradiationresearch.It,therefore,includesmoretutorialinformationthanmostotherASTMandISO/ASTMdosimetrystandardsforradiationprocessing.1.3Thisguideisinnowayintendedtolimittheflexibilityoftheexperimenterintheexperimentaldesign.However,theradiationsourceandexperimentalsetupshouldbechosensuchthattheresultsoftheexperimentwillbebeneficialandunderstandabletootherscientists,regulatoryagencies,andthefoodandagriculturalcommunities.1.4Theeffectsproducedbyionizingradiationinbiologicalsystemsdependonalargenumberoffactorswhichmaybephysical,physiological,orchemical.Althoughnottreatedindetailinthisguide,quantitativedataofenvironmentalfactorsthatmayaffecttheabsorbed-doseresponseofdosimeters,......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语